TEN 2025 RESEARCH
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TEN 2025 RESEARCH

Welcome to the TEN Jewish Economic Vulnerability Database In 2019, the first national study focused on poverty in the Jewish community was published revealing that one in five community members struggle to make ends meet. Since then, our sector has invested more than a million dollars in collecting data about Jewish economic vulnerability from cities across the U.S. Yet, there was no centralized place to highlight and learn from these findings. Until now. This database is a living, breathing representation of the work being done to address Jewish poverty across the United States. This is intended to serve as a benchmark for funders and leaders in cities to know just how many individuals in their city rely on communal support, and the programs and agencies they can fund. How to use this database Scroll down to the city you’re interested in and click the name of the city to open the full data available. You can use the magnifying class in the top right corner to search for specific cities, agencies, or terms across the entire database. Taking Action - If you are a funder looking to take action on economic vulnerability in your community, join us at jfunders.org/TEN If you are a Federation, check out the ⭐️Federation Metrics tab for specific ways to advance your work. - Email rsumekh@jfunders.org to share any updates or information that should be added here. The information in the database is informed by community studies and conversations with federation professionals and is not fully comprehensive. The local federation has recently verified data with a blue check mark. This tool was developed by TEN: Together Ending Need, a project of the Jewish Funders Network.
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City Location
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Study Year
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Jews making sub $50k
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Jewish 🏠 struggling 💰
Partner Organization
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Fed $$ to Human Services
Gaps in services/funding
Facts
Study Links

2020

10%

-

Atlanta invests in several services as shown below.

• 7% of the household could not able to pay an unexpected $400 emergency expense with cash, money currently in a bank account, or on a credit card you could pay in full. • Atlanta Jews have support systems they can rely on in times of need and also agree they have access to resources to support their health and wellness. Fewer are aware of where to turn to in the Jewish community if they are personally in need, especially for mental or physical health challenges

2020

23%

15%

Baltimore invests in several services as shown below.

• In 14% of households, a health issue, special need, or disability causes a limitation in the ability to work, attend school, or do housework. •13% of Baltimore Jews access at least one government benefit • 38% are not confident in their ability to live comfortably during retirement • One quarter of households do not have enough funds to cover three months of expenses were they to face an unexpected loss of income • 10% have been constrained from participating in Jewish life for financial reasons

https://scholarworks.brandeis.edu/esploro/outputs/9924103500201921/filesAndLinks?index=0

2015

14%

13%

Boston invests in several services as shown below. CJP has been leading the way on this issue. Their “no wrong doors” campaign modeled how cities can create a culture of asking for and offering help. 1. Jewish Big Brothers Big Sisters: Connects children in need to adult mentors and introduces adults with disabilities to new friends. Programs for children serve those from a wide range of life circumstances, and there is no financial eligibility requirement. More information is available on the agency's website. 2. Jewish Family and Children's Service: Provides case management and coordination, financial assistance, assistance with funerals, scholarships, and interest-free loans for eligible families and individuals. Offers emergency and monthly food through Family Table and extends legal assistance to secure public benefits and other legal resources through the Bet Tzedek program. 3.Jewish Family Services of MetroWest: Provides case management, financial assistance for utilities, heating, medical needs, transportation, and food from Lucy & Joe's food pantry, as well as referrals and resources for vocational training, elder care, and public benefits 4.Jewish Vocational Service: Provides assistance with job searches, career counseling, workshops, and training. 5.Yad Chessed: Provides swift emergency financial assistance for basic needs, supermarket and Kosher market gift cards, compassionate budget counseling, and guidance to help people access additional resources and benefits. 6. Rofeh International: ROFEH is dedicated to assisting patients and their families from around the world and throughout the United States when they are forced to leave their homes to seek emergency medical treatment in Boston. 7. Hebrew Senior Life: The largest nonprofit provider of senior care and living communities in New England. 8. 2Life Communities: Provides affordable senior housing with a mission to ensure that all older adults have the opportunity to age in community 9. Yachad New England: Dedicated to addressing the needs of all Jewish individuals with disabilities and ensuring their inclusion in every aspect of Jewish life.

$5,363,602 Percentage of budget: 12%

• Affordable housing for low- and middle-income families and for older adults • Supports for people who are over the income limits for services but who are at risk of becoming financially insecure

• CJP created the Anti-Poverty Initiative (API) in 2015 where it serves as the umbrella for all economic vulnerability efforts led by the Federation • New study will be released in Summer 2025 • 35% of Jews in Boston utilize Social Security or Medicare

2016

32%

17%

Broward County offers more than a dozen services as outlined below. 1. Goodman Jewish Family Services ◦ Financial Assistance Program ◦ Homelessness Case Manager ◦ Food Pantry, ◦ Clothing Pantry, ◦ Domestic Abuse (including shelter and housing assistance  for those fleeing abusive relationships ◦ Behavioral Health sliding fee scale ◦ Case management for seniors (Significant time spent connecting lower income seniors to resources) ◦ Social Skills and Pre-Vocational training for young adults on the spectrum. 2. Chabad of S. Broward ◦ Financial Assistance Program ◦ Also Jewish Sunday School for kids with special needs 3. Chabad of Las Olas ◦ Financial Assistance Program ◦ Also Life skills and vocational training for people with disabilities 4. Chabad of SW Broward ◦ Homeless Diversion Shelter 5. Soref JCC ◦ Food Pantry 6. We Are One ◦ Glatt Kosher Food Pantry 7. JAFCO ◦ Children's Village ◦ Children's Emergency Shelter) ◦ Programs for kids with special needs (including respite for parents) 8. Lubavitch Hebrew Academy ◦ Kosher free lunches & breakfast for Title 1 students 9. Nourish NOW ◦ Home delivered meals for frail seniors that are waitlisted for OAA meals 10. Indigent Burial Program 11. Preschool scholarships at 18 different Jewish preschools ◦ We give the funds to the schools, so technically I should list all the schools out. 12. JARC ◦ Housing, plus, for adults with cognitive challenges 13. Yacholet ◦ Housing, plus therapy, for young Jewish women after completing drug or alcohol rehab, etc. 14. Chabad of North Broward Friendship Circle ◦ Programs for adults and kids with special needs 15. David Posnack JCC ◦ Programs for adults and kids with special needs ◦ Camp for Kids with Special Needs 16. Chai Lifeline ◦ Camp for kids with cancer and other life-limiting diseases 17. LEV ◦ Pluralistic Sunday school for kids with special needs 18. South Florida Jewish Academy ◦ School for kids with special needs ◦ Camp for kids with special needs 19. Jewish Family Home Care ◦ Home Care Subsidies for Broward Jewish Seniors 20. Jewish Fertility Foundation ◦ Financial Assistance for invitro fertilization and surrogacy 21. Sharsheret ◦ Assistance for community members with cancer 22. Victor Center for Jewish Genetic Diseases ◦ Testing for genetic diseases before pregnancies 23. Financial assistance for Survivors and other senior survivors of trauma 24. Cantor Center ◦ Adult Day Care and associated programs (serving frail elderly and those with dementia 25. Sunshine Circle ◦ Connecting homebound seniors to volunteers for home visits and phone calls.

$2,420,760 for FY 2025 - 2026

• 2,000 person waitlist for the federally funded senior meal program • Severe shortage of affordable housing

• 23% of all adults in Jewish households have been through a divorce.

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/databank/search-results/study/814

2013

10%

-

Buffalo invests in several services as shown below.

• 26% are uncertain or not confident that they will have sufficient retirement savings • In Buffalo, 28.3 percent of residents live below the poverty line, the 7th highest city percentage nationwide in 2021. Over half of Buffalo residents cannot afford rent, and one-fourth spend more than 50 percent of their income on housing. • Over 40 percent of the city's youth live in poverty, and three-quarters of children in Buffalo public schools are eligible for free lunches. Thirty percent of white children in Buffalo experience at least one year in poverty before turning 18, compared to more than 75 percent of Black youth

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/api/download/studyId=768&mediaId=bjdb%5c2013_Greater_Buffalo_REPORT_ONLY_DB.pdf || https://www.jccbuffalo.org/clientuploads/Annual-Report-2020.pdf

2020

14%

20%

Chicago invests in several services as shown below. The Chicago Jewish Federation helps support several programs and organizations across the city. 1.The ARK and Ezra Multi-Service Center 2. JCFS 3. CJE Senior Life 4. Jewish Free Loan Chicago

• Five percent of Jewish adults identify as LGBTQ, and 9% of Jewish households have a member who identifies as LGBTQ (who may or may not be Jewish).They indicated that the overall community was generally safe and accepting but that it sometimes lacked inclusive programming and institutional support for LGBTQ Jewish spaces.

https://tinyurl.com/y82bk57t || https://www.brandeis.edu/cmjs/community-studies/chicago-report.html

2011

32%

41%

Cleveland invests in several services as shown below.  The Cleveland Jewish Federation helps support many programs across the city and there are other groups such as Mt. Sinai Health Foundation who are invested in this work. 1. JFSA provides counseling, housing, and family support services. 2. Cleveland Hillel Foundation 3. JECC 4. Mt. Sinai Health Foundation 5.  Cleveland Chesed Center

• Among Greater Cleveland's Jewish households 30% of households earning under $50,000 annually report that cost had prevented synagogue membership in the year or two preceding the survey. • 57% of Jewish households with children which have annual incomes of under $50,000 note that cost prevented them from sending a child to an overnight camp to only 10% of those households with incomes of at least $100,000.

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/content/upload/bjdb/Cleve_2011_-_Initial_Highlights%2C_JPAR%2C_revised.pdf https://datausa.io/profile/geo/cleveland-oh/ https://www.jewishcleveland.org/downloads/2023_annual_report_web.pdf https://www.mandelfoundation.org/news/2025/01/21/jack-joseph-and-morton-mandel-foundation-announces-90-million-matching-grant-for-jewish-day-school-transformation-initiative || https://www.clevelandhillel.org/our-staff https://mtsinaifoundation.org/grantmaking/jewish-community/ https://www.jecc.org/apps/staff/ || https://www.jfsa-cleveland.org/get-info/about-us/management-team/ || https://www.jewishcleveland.org/annual-report-2023-financials/ || https://www.guidestar.org/profile/34-0714441 || https://www.jewishcleveland.org/annual-report-2023-financials/ https://www.causeiq.com/organizations/jewish-family-service-association-of-cleveland-ohi%2C340714441/

2013

Dallas invests in several services as shown below.  1. Jewish Family Services of Dallas 2 Community Homes for Adults(CHAI) 3 Dallas Hebrew Free Loan Association

• There is an opportunity to raise awareness of Jewish services for children with special needs as those who use them are very satisfied with them, yet those who don’t wouldn’t recommend them very highly • There is an opportunity to increase the number of people with high social service needs to use Jewish service providers . Senior Assessment & Case Management services can help accomplish this because of Likelihood-to-Recommend scores.

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/api/download/?studyId=786&mediaId=DallasJewishCommunityScanOverviewPresentationwithTableofContents.pdf

2022

6%

15%

Delaware invests in several services as shown below. 1 Siegel JCC 2. JFS 3. Milton and Hattie Kutz Home 4. Local Synagogue chesed fund

• 11% of parents required financial assistance to enroll children in Jewish education, camp, or activities • 7% of congregation-member households required financial assistance to maintain their membership • 14% of adults not at all or not too confident they will be able to keep current savings/investments • 14% of households limited their involvement in Jewish life for financial reasons • 2% of households unable to pay an emergency $400 expense • While all Jewish adults from households including someone with mental or emotional health issues said they had a personal support network, only 10% have a lot or a fair number of people in their support network personal support network, only 10% have a lot or a fair number of people in their support network

https://shalomdelaware.org/file_download/fb99a17a-976d-486e-b161-36c2bf852238 || siegeljcc.org || https://shalomdelaware.org/who-we-are/partners/partners.html https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/510064315 https://news.delaware.gov/2025/01/06/governor-carney-releases-proposed-fiscal-year-2026-budget/ || https://www.urban.org/policy-centers/cross-center-initiatives/state-and-local-finance-initiative/projects/state-fiscal-briefs/delaware

2018

7%

18%

Denver invests in several services as shown below. 1. Live On | Life and Legacy program a partnership with the Harold Grinspoon Foundation and the Rose Community Foundation. This program aims to secure legacy gifts and ensure the long-term sustainability of Jewish organizations 2. JFS 3. Staenberg-Loup Jewish Community Center (JCC Denver

• 48% of households say costs to prevent them from belonging to synagogue/going to religious activity. • 37% could not afford medical prescription payments • For 28% of Jewish households with children ages eight or older, finances prevented sending children to Jewish camp • 56% says they will not have enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement. • 56% says they will not have enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement.

https://scholarworks.brandeis.edu/esploro/outputs/9924088139201921 jccdenver.org || rcfdenver.org || jewishfamilyservice.org

2018

-

3.6%

Detroit invests in several services as shown below. Detroit has the amazing https://jhelpdetroit.org/ which outlines all the support services. Federation partner agencies in the field of human services are JFS, Gesher, JSL, and Hebrew Free Loan. However, we also provide financial support to non-partner agencies including JARC, Detroit Chesed, Friendship Circle, Yad Ezra, NCJW, etc. 1. Jewish Family Service of Metro Detroit: Behavioral health services accepting medicaid/medicare and sliding scale prices, older adult services such as transportation, home care, and case management 2. Gesher Human Services: Employment coaching and training, day program for adults with dementia, residential services for adults with severe and persistent mental illness 3. JARC: Residential services for adults with developmental and cognitive disabilities 4. The J: Offers Opening the Doors services for youth with disabilities, older adult programming, ECC and day camp offer scholarships 5. Jewish Senior Life: Residential living community (independent, assisted, and memory care) for over 900 older adults and a day program for those with dementia 6. Friendship Circle: After school program and summer camp for youth with special needs, art studio program for young adults with disabilities, job skills training program for young adults with disabilities (cafe and bakery) 7. Detroit Chesed: Orthodox serving volunteer organization providing shabbos and holiday meals, home goods gemach, etc 8. Hebrew Free Loan: Zero interest loans for personal and business use, including debt consolidation program (in partnership with Gesher) and IVF loans 9.Yad Ezra: Food pantry for low income Jewish households 10. NCJW MI: Includes Kosher Meals on Wheels (in partnership with JFS) 11. Day School Special Education and Mental Health Supports

$ 8,385,300 (Does not include funding for State of Michigan Grant, rent support, endowment income, or other Federation stewarded/managed support.

• No community-wide Jewish Early Childhood Center financial need based scholarships • Insufficient funding for older adult housing subsidies (both independent and assisted living) at Jewish Senior Life • Insufficient funding for Jewish older adult in-home care subsidies • Scholarships for Jewish summer camp and Jewish Day School • Funding to address food insecurity of low income households through food distribution at Yad Ezra • Insufficient funding for special education resources for Jewish day school students

• Decline in Median Household Income Adjusted for inflation, income dropped from $150,000 in 2005 to $135,000 in 2018 for households with children. •High Demand for Social & Mental Health Services in the Jewish Community. Critical need to support families in crisis, older adults, and individuals with disabilities.

https://jewishdetroit.org/community-briefing-2018-jewish-population-study-snapshot/#:~:text=The 2018 Detroit Jewish Population,Jews in 30%2C000 Jewish households

2020

-

17%

Greater MetroWest invests in several services as shown below. • 13 local partner agencies and several internal Federation departments provide human services as at least part of their work; in addition, Federation initiatives provide financial support for families seeking to send children to Jewish day schools and camps

$3,148,340; 17%*

• There are several services that lack adequate funding sources (e.g., services for Holocaust survivors, kosher meals on wheels, mental health counseling and emergency safety net services). In addition, potential cuts in government funding (e.g., for Medicaid and other critical services) are of great concern because of the devastating impact such cuts would have on community members and local partner agencies.

• Fifteen percent of GMW Jewish households changed their Jewish life in some way due to financial constraints. A significantly greater proportion of struggling Jewish households (32%) made changes to their Jewish life due to financial constraints, with 19% reducing their donations to Jewish causes. Among struggling Jewish households that were synagogue members, 9% needed financial assistance to maintain their synagogue memberships. Very few Jewish households suspended their synagogue memberships include 155,000 individuals, of whom 122,300 are Jewish. • Financially struggling Jewish households were hit hardest by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of employment.

https://www.jfedgmw.org/about-us-2/2020-greater-metrowest-nj-jewish-community-study/ || https://www.jewishdatabank.org/content/upload/bjdb/457/C-NJ-Metrowest-1998-Update2012SlideSet1.pdf

2016

10%

3%

Houston invests in several services as shown below. 1. JFS: The main organization to service those in need. 2. Hebrew Loan 3. The ERJCC: has a senior program 4. Meals on wheels 5. Seven Acres: has some help for seniors in need 6. Jewish Children’s regional services: provide college aid, camp scholarship and support for special needs services.

$1,210,000 from allocations

• 4% (1,000 households) of households reported a household income that was below the Federal poverty levels. • The 3.9% of households with incomes below the Federal poverty levels is the fourth highest of about 25 comparison Jewish communities and compares to 6.4% in Minneapolis. • 16% (4,100 households) of households contain a health-limited member, including 6% in which the member needs daily assistance and 3%, weekly assistance. • 41% of Jewish respondents age 40 and over would very much prefer Jewish- sponsored adult care facilities. • 25% (1,150 households) of households are low income households (earned under $25,000 in 2015).age 75 and over.

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/api/download/?studyId=820&mediaId=Houston+2016_Summary+Report.pdf || https://kollelhouston.org/new-page-48

2021

20%

22%

Kansas invests in several services as shown below. 1. Senior Facility 2. Chabad 3. KU Hillel 4. Chesed Fund at JFS: Covers emergency expenses ($250K per year). 5. JFS Food Pantry: Provides kosher and general food assistance. 6. Senior Facility Financial Assistance: Supports those who have exhausted their financial resources ($200K per year from the Federation). 7. Day School & Camp Scholarships: Limited outreach to those who are just making ends meet. 8. Kosher Meals on Wheels (MOW): Operated by Chabad. 9. Wellness Program at Hillel: Addresses food insecurity. 10. Indigent Burial Fund: Supported through the Chesed Fund

•12% of Jewish households in the area report incomes between $50,000 and $99,999, and 12% earn between $100,000 and $149,999. • 19% of Jewish households have faced a substantial financial challenge within the past three years, including 16% who struggled to pay medical bills • 7% of households said they would not be able to cover a $400 emergency expense • The most common financial hardship faced by Jewish households in Greater Kansas City is the inability to pay for medical care or medicine • Jewish adults in Greater Kansas City expressed concerns about their future financial needs. 13% of adults older than age 40 are not at all confident that they will be able to afford their retirement • Approximately one quarter of Jewish households had to limit or change their involvement in Jewish life due to their financial situation. 17% of Jewish households were unable to contribute as much to Jewish causes as they had in the past.

https://ucsjoco.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2019-Poverty-and-Economic-Insecurity-in-Greater-Kansas-City.pdf https://www.jewishdatabank.org/content/upload/bjdb/2021_Kansas_City_(KS%2C_MO)_REPORT_Jewish_Community_Study.pdf

2021

14%

18%

Long Beach invests in several services as shown below. 1. Alpert Jewish Community Center (AJCC) 2. National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) – Long Beach 3. Beach Hillel 4. Jewish Family & Children's Service (JFCS) 5. AJCC: offers diverse programs representing all walks of Judaism, striving for vibrancy, inclusivity, and relevance in its community offerings

•Satisfaction with the level of one’s participation in the Jewish community is related to finances. People who are financially struggling are least likely to be very satisfied (13%) with their level of participation in Jewish life, compared with those who are well-off (38%). •Among the quarter of Jewish households that include someone who has a health issue, 29% did not receive all services needed to manage the health issue within the previous three months. • Six percent of households could not pay off in full an unexpected $400 expense • Eighteen percent of Jewish households limited their participation in Jewish life because of their financial situation. • About 10% of financially struggling adults reported emotional or mental health difficulties • Many Jewish adults in the Long Beach Area expressed concerns about their future financial needs Among Jewish adults ages 40 and younger, 9% are not at all or not too confident in their ability to afford retirement.

https://lbpost.com/news/long-beachs-1st-jewish-demographic-study-in-70-years-illustrates-broad-societal-shifts/ || fjhhttps://www.brandeis.edu/cmjs/community-studies/long-beach-report.html || alpertjcc.org || jfcslboc.org || jewishlongbeach.org || https://www.longbeachgives.org/organization/ncjwlongbeach || https://www.instrumentl.com/990-report/jewish-family-and-childrens-service-of-long-beach || https://tinyurl.com/4p9kkeh5

2021

12%

19%

Los Angeles invests in several services as shown below. 1. Beit T’Shvuah 2. Bet Tzedek Legal Services 3. Chabad Treatment Center 4. Chai Lifeline West Coast 5. Chai Village LA 6. ETTA 7. Friendship Circle 8. Jewish Big Brothers Big Sister of Los Angeles 9. Jewish Family Service of LA 10. Jewish Free Loan Association 11. Jewish Los Angeles Special Needs Trust 12. JQ International 13. JVS SoCal 14. Karsh Family Social Service Center 15. LA Jewish Health 16. Maple Counseling 17. Miracle Project 18. National Council for Jewish Women Los Angeles (NCJW|LA) 19. Our Big Kitchen Los Angeles 20. Pico Union Project 21. Sharsheret 22. Shalom Institute: Camp and Conference Center (Shemesh Farms) 23. Touch of Kindness 24. Wisdom Circle

~$3,000,000

• Housing Assistance

•15% of Jewish households report that their financial situation has worsened since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, further exacerbating economic hardships. • Indicator of financial insecurity is the inability to pay an unexpected $400 emergency expense with cash, money currently in a bank account, or on a credit card that can be paid in full. 5% of all Jewish households reported they could not cover that emergency expense. • One-in-five Jewish adults in LA stated that the expenses of Jewish life limited their Jewish involvement. • Among the Minimally Involved Jewish engagement group, only 10% considered Jewish life too expensive, suggesting that their lack of involvement was due to reasons other than finances.

jewishfoundationla.org || partners4childrensla.org https://www.jewishfoundationla.org/who-will-partner-with-you/ https://www.norc.org/content/dam/norc-org/pdf2024/8978_Study-of-Jewish-LA_Wellbeing-Report_FINAL.pdf https://www.jewishla.org/rebuilding-los-angeles-together/ https://www.jewishfoundationla.org/grant-org/jewish-federation-of-greater-los-angeles/

2021

16%

14%

Louisville invests in several services as shown below. 1. Jewish Community Center • JCL encompasses various programs and initiatives. Its partners include (Educational and Youth Programs, Community Relations and Advocacy, Global and Cultural Initiatives) 2. JFCS • JFCS Navigate: helping entrepreneurs from underserved communities start and expand small businesses. • Clinical Services: Our professional therapists create a warm, confidential and supportive environment for our clients to confront the difficulties and challenges in their life. • Family Stability: JFCS helps individuals and families navigate life’s challenges through a holistic case management approach that begins with an assessment of their situation and the development of a plan. • Immigrant and Refugee Services: Provide the resources and guidance needed to build a secure and fulfilling life in your new home, empowering you to embrace new beginnings with confidence and hope. • Klein Older Adults: JFCS offers seniors and their family caregivers a comprehensive range of services to meet the challenges of aging. • The Sonny & Janet Meyer Food Pantry: Through our partnership with Dare to Care, the food pantry operates on a “client-choice” model and provides a variety of fresh and shelf-stable food options (Kosher and non-Kosher) in addition to personal care items and cleaning supplies.

• Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, over half of Jewish households in Louisville are in about the same financial situation as they were in January 2020 • 10% of households are doing worse financially, including about one third (35%) of Jewish households classified as struggling. • The most common financial hardship faced by Jewish households in Louisville over the past year is the inability to pay for medical care or for medicine. • 5% of Jewish households said they are unable to pay in full an unexpected $400 emergency expense with cash, money currently in a bank account, or a credit card. • 20%of Jewish households had to limit or change their involvement in Jewish life due to their financial situation. • 15% of all households were unable to contribute to Jewish causes to financial reasons, and 14% reduced their participation in Jewish activities. A small number of synagogue-member households required financial assistance to maintain their membership.

https://greaterlouisvilleproject.org/content/uploads/2016/11/Final-PDF_GLP-2015-Poverty-Report.pdf || https://www.brandeis.edu/cmjs/community-studies/louisville-report.html || jewishheritagefund.com || cflouisville.org

2014

14%

29%

Miami invests in several services as shown below. 1. JCS: The mission of Jewish Community Services is to improve the quality of life and self-sufficiency of the Jewish and broader communities throughout South Florida in accordance with Jewish values. ◦ Mental Health: Proud to serve the South Florida community in addressing mental health needs. The support that JCS receives in the form of grants and donations allows us to help individuals and families that cannot afford treatment. ◦ Food and Nutrition: To meet the growing demand for food, JCS maintains meal sites at five dining facilities throughout Miami, the Kosher Food Bank provides food to adults, families and Holocaust survivors as well as a meal delivery service for homebound seniors. ◦ Youth and Family: JCS specializes in compassionate services that address the unique needs of children, adolescents and young adults. ◦ Orthodox Community: Frum and culturally-sensitive clinicians of Jewish Community Services’ Yehi Ohr (“Let There Be Light”) provide expert guidance, emotional support and reassurance to members of Miami’s Orthodox community. ◦ LGBTQIA+: The programs offered by JCS and Lambda Living have a vast array of services and resources available and provides professional and caring services on an individual, family or group basis to address problems and challenges facing LGBTQIA+ persons of any age, regardless of race, ability, religion or insurance coverage. Most insurance is accepted and most services are offered on a sliding scale. ◦ Employment Assistance: JCS has several employment programs, including services to help the deaf and hard-of-hearing, an employment service in partnership with the Greater Miami Jewish Federation, and Job Works, a United Way-funded program­­. ◦ Adult Services: JCS’ network of services empowers adults of all incomes and backgrounds in ways that strengthen individuals, marriages and relationships, to contribute to a healthier community. ◦ 211 Miami: 2-1-1 Miami your 24/7 source for information and resources for all health and human services in Miami-Dade and Monroe counties. ◦ Senior Services: JCS strives to keep seniors active, healthy and living in their own homes for as long as possible. Whether seniors require assistance with food, finances or seeking friendship, help around the house or a Holocaust survivor, JCS has programs that meets the needs of today’s senior population.

• 27% of households report their financial situation has gotten worse over the past five years. • The percentage of households needing assistance with finding a job has nearly doubled over the past decade. • 2% of households report a household income below the Federal poverty level. • Low-income households are more likely to be older adults, to be living alone and to be Holocaust survivors.

https://jewishmiami.org/PopulationStudy2014.pdf

2011

39%

-

Milwaukee invests in several services as shown below. 1. JFS: is a leading provider of social and mental health services, and supportive, affordable housing in Greater Milwaukee, for individuals, families and children of every age, race, religion, income, or lifestyle this includes: ◦ Case Management and Social Services: Offer support services that increase levels of independence, personal safety, and stability. ◦ Mental Health Services: Comprehensive mental health services to meet your unique needs. ◦ JFS Housing: JFS took action to address the urgent community need for safe and affordable housing options for individuals with disabilities, seniors and low-income families. 2. JCC: programs and services create spaces, build opportunities, and inspire Jewish moments for diverse communities. ◦ Nutrition Services: Fuel your wellness journey with one-on-one nutrition coaching. ◦ Wellness 360: Offering adults with disabilities a wide range of social, educational, recreational, and volunteer opportunities. ◦ Chaverim: Chaverim is an adult social group for individuals of differing abilities to enjoy social, recreational, and educational programs. ◦ Bonim Farms: A workforce readiness program that employs adults with disabilities to work as Farm Fellows at the Albert & Ann Deshur JCC Rainbow Day camp ◦ Jewish Community Pantry: provides emergency food to individuals and families in crisis throughout the greater Milwaukee community."

$500K in unrestricted funding allocated to JFS.

• Households with fewer economic resources were most severely impacted by the economic downturn. Nearly four in ten (39%) of households with incomes under $50,000 reported a serious impact on family finances. • Serious negative impacts of the economic downturn were reported by 25% of respondents age 40-59

milwaukeejewish.org

2019

14%

10%

Minnesota invests in several services as shown below. 1. JFCS: provides essential services to people of all ages and backgrounds to sustain healthy relationships, ease suffering and offer support in times of need. This includes: ◦ Community Services & Engagement - Hag Sameach (Happy Holidays) Program - The JFCS Hag Sameach (“Happy Holidays”) program is a great opportunity to feel connected to the Jewish community, whether you are a recipient, donor or volunteer. ◦ J-Pride: creates community through queer-focused Jewish programming for LGBTQ+ Jews and their allies throughout the Twin Cities. ◦ PJ Library: it helps families connect to Jewish values, traditions, and culture, while building vibrant Jewish communities ◦ Shalom Baby: Families with newborns are invited to a community baby shower to meet other families and receive swag bags with free goodies and discounts from community partners. ◦ Counseling Services: Our licensed therapists help clients identify goals and potential solutions to problems that cause emotional turmoil, improve communication and coping skills and symptom management, strengthen self- esteem, promote behavior change, feel better and function at their best. ◦ Mental Health Services: Individually tailored to help promote and maintain independence, stability and health. We encourage and promote maintaining healthy relationships with family, friends and community. ◦ Food Security Initiatives: JFCS provides emergency and long-term food assistance including emergency food boxes, assistance applying for SNAP and connecting individuals and families with community food resources. ◦ Senior Services - Dementia Friends: JFCS provides Dementia Friends training sessions to the broad community, including clergy, local businesses, police and fire departments. - Kosher Meals on Wheels: JFCS provides Kosher Meals on Wheels to clients within our service area. Frozen meals are delivered once a week directly to the client’s home. 2. JFS: Services is committed to providing access, equal opportunity and reasonable accommodation for individuals with disabilities in employment, its services, programs and activities this includes: ◦ Emergency Financial Assistance: JFS offers emergency financial assistance to help individuals or families stabilize their current living situations ◦ Jewish Free Loan Program (JFLP): Provides interest-free loans of up to $7,500 for Jewish residents of the greater Twin Cities area.. ◦ Counseling & Chaplaincy: The Counseling & Chaplaincy Programs at JFS assist adults, children, adolescents, couples and families lead more fulfilling, meaningful and rewarding lives. ◦ JFS Community Engagement Services: Cover the life span, from welcoming and socializing babies and toddlers to people navigating mid-life challenges and volunteers of all ages and interest. ◦ Aging & Disability Services: ensure clients and their caregivers have the support, information and services they need to remain living successfully and safely in their own homes.

• 31% of Jewish households in the Twin Cities did not have enough savings to cover three months of expenses • 7% of Jewish households reported that they were unable to participate fully in Jewish life because of financial concerns.

https://scholarworks.brandeis.edu/esploro/outputs/report/2019-Twin-Cities-Jewish-Community-Study/9924103501801921/filesAndLinks?index=0

2022

22%

35%

Nevada invests in several services as shown below. 1. Jewish Family Services 2. Hebrew Free Loan Program 3. Aishel Avraham is a local non-profit organization made up of cause volunteers striving to provide basic Food and other necessities to Jewish individuals and families in need.

• Respondents who are younger or live in households where someone identifies as a Person of Color or LGBTQ+ tend to be worse off than others when it comes to income and their own financial self-assessments, as well as some indicators of social vulnerability.

https://study.jewishnevada.org/#EconomicandSocialVulnerability

2023

22%

26%

New York City invests in several services as shown below. 1. 25+ grantees across the city including 2. Met Council 3. Common point Queens + Brooklyn 4. JASA (Jewish Association Serving the Aging) 5. Digital Pantry Network 6.  Employment services, including soft skills and technical training

$11M focused on the five boroughs, with less emphasis on the suburbs • $30M campaign raised in 2020 for the development of the Hubs and other key services

• Housing remains a challenge across the city

• Many of these households face high living costs, especially in neighborhoods like Manhattan and Brooklyn, which contribute significantly to financial strain. This is often where Jewish community exists. • The report highlights that more than a third of children residing in Jewish households 36%—live in or near poverty, underscoring the need for targeted initiatives to support these vulnerable populations. • Haredi households make up 29% of poor or near-poor households, but 53% of poor or near-poor people in the NY area. This is because of larger household sizes among the Haredi community (both in general and relative to other poor households). • Almost one in five Jewish households (19%) reported that they did not have enough money over the past three years to pay their medical, housing, or utility bills and nearly one in seven (14%) reported that they did not have enough money in the past year alone to pay at least one of these bills. • Both poor and near-poor households struggle to make ends meet, but households that are “near poor” have a unique challenge: they live just above the poverty line and are often not eligible for government benefits and services.

https://tinyurl.com/2rt8cmvf || https://tinyurl.com/2vrw7vre

2017

-

-

Philadelphia invests in several services as shown below. -

• One in five respondents indicated that cost was a barrier to receiving healthcare. • 32% of households at or below 100 percent of the Federal poverty level skipped healthcare because of the cost

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/content/upload/bjdb/2019_Philadelphia_Jewish_Population_Study_Final_Report%2C_Appendices.pdf

2017

37%

23%

Pittsburgh invests in several services as shown below. 1. Jewish Assistance Fund ◦ Grants with no repayment to help the Western PA Jewish Community with pressing expenses. 2. Hebrew Free Loan Association of Pittsburgh ◦ Loans with no interest or fees, up to $10,000 for residents of Allegheny & surrounding counties who have an income less than twice the area median income are eligible. 3. Jewish Scholarship Service of Greater Pittsburgh ◦ Grants with no repayment for accredited, degree-granting post high school programs. 4. JFCS (Squirrel Hill Food Pantry) ◦ Critical support services for acute needs such as housing, utilities, furniture, transportation, medical/dental and tuition. 5. Jewish Fertility Foundation ◦ Grants for fertility treatments (with no repayment) for Jewish people trying to grow their families. 6. Aleph Institute (Project Shifra Program) ◦ Connects individuals to resources for managing stress, the household, legal aid, finances, utilities, etc. Includes provision of food and financial assistance for bills. 7. Our Giving Kitchen ◦ Provides prepared food cooked by volunteers to the community at no cost. 8Israel Travel Grants ◦ Grants and need-based funding for Israel travel for teens and young adults up to and including age 27. 9. Jewish Association on Aging (JAA) ◦ Comprehensive senior community services designed to keep seniors safe, independent, and interconnected while enjoying all the activities of daily living. 10. Squirrel Hill Health Center ◦ A Federally Qualified Heath Center that provides primary and preventive healthcare and support services, without regard for patients’ insurance status or ability to pay. 11. The Branch ◦ Provides services to support individuals with psychiatric, intellectual, or developmental disabilities, helping them to live, learn, work, and socialize as valued members of the community. 12. JCC ◦ Social service, recreational and educational organization that serves people of all ages, including an accredited senior center. Note: JFunds Pittsburgh is a collaboration of financial assistance programs in the Jewish Community committed to educating the community about the financial resources available to them. It includes several of the agencies listed above: https://jfundspgh.org/ 13. AgeWell Pittsburgh ◦ is a collaboration of senior service providers in the Jewish community dedicated to helping older adults maintain health and independence. The AgeWell partnership includes JFCS, the JCC, and the JAA: https://agewellpgh.org/

Annual Campaign $ for Human Services: $1,570,058 (20%) Annual $ for Human Services (including donor directed funding): $1,723,465 (5%)

• Services/programs for middle-income community members - there is a gap between those who qualify for assistance/free services and those who can afford to pay for them.

• The Pittsburgh Jewish community is mostly middle class. One-third (33%) of Pittsburgh-area Jews describe themselves as prosperous (7%) or living very comfortably (26%), and another 45% say they are living reasonably comfortably. Fifteen percent say they are just getting along, and 8% say they are nearly poor or poor.

https://www.brandeis.edu/cmjs/community-studies/pittsburgh-report.html#:~:text=The Pittsburgh Jewish community is mostly middle class.,are nearly poor or poor. || https://scholarworks.brandeis.edu/esploro/outputs/9924088245101921

2022

16%

4%

Portland invests in several services as shown below. 1. Chaplaincy/JADE/Senior Services 2. Dignity Grows 3. Habitat for Humanity 4. Hesed Shel Emet 5. Jewish Family & Child Service 6. Jewish Free Loan - Loans Given 7. Passover for All

$527,725

NOTE—we are currently experiencing a 400K+ loss in our annual campaign due to death or relocation of donors.This will necessitate up to 20% reduction in allocable dollars so the numbers below are higher than they will be unfortunately for the coming cycle and perhaps several years into the future until we can close that gap. So in a time when costs and needs are increasing we are dealing with a more limited campaign pool. Hoping this will be a blip and we recover quickly but as our donor base ages and not all large gifts are endowed to replace their annual giving in the event of death, our federation as well as other community orgs (we share a relatively limited pool of large donors in this community) will continue to experience the losses. • Larger free loan fund to give higher value loans • More $ to support JFCS • More $ for Emergency Assistance, More funds for the community chaplain to fund that role for the community • More scholarship funding for youth and teen scholarships for camp, Israel and day schools to offset rising tuition • Need for capacity building for qualified professionals to effectively run all of these programs.

• Households that are struggling financially are much more concerned about the future than financially stable households. • 59% of struggling households are not at all confident in their ability to keep current savings or investments • 11% of Jewish households in Greater Portland are unable to pay in full an unexpected $400 emergency expense with cash, money currently in a bank account, or a credit card

https://www.jewishportland.org/marcs-remarks/jewish-poverty

2023

13%

15%

San Diego invests in several services as shown below. San Diego is notable in that it has a Poverty Working Group who meets regularly and includes: 1. JFS (Jewish Family Services) 2. Kindness Initiative (Gemach) 3.Jewish Free Loan Program 4.Seacreat at Home (Senior Care Services) 5. Jewish Community Foundation (FCF) 6. Hillel 7. Leichtag Foundation (Private Foundation)

• JFS in San Diego is the largest Jewish human service agency in the country with a strong development team of its own leading the way. • JFS Major Funders: $60M budget, with 30% coming from individual donors. • Three years ago, Federation prioritized local poverty by reallocating funds from overseas poverty to local initiatives. • $350,000 allocated annually to local programs, including $100K to Kavod Shef. • $100K per year allocated to the Community Fund for financial support. • The fund provides grants to organizations that deliver direct support. • Initially focused on seniors but expanded to increase accessibility. • Provided an additional $10,000 to direct service organizations in recognition of their efforts and finds other strategic ways to invest in data collection and other support.

•JFS San Diego partnered with their local government to implement programs such as the San Diego for Every Child Guaranteed Income Program, distributing $1.725 million to 150 families to provide $500 monthly cash payments over 24 months. •JFS San Diego partnered with their local government to implement programs such as the San Diego for Every Child Guaranteed Income Program, distributing $1.725 million to 150 families to provide $500 monthly cash payments over 24 months. •19% of all Jewish households reported that their financial situation limited their participation in Jewish life. - Those who are financially struggling were more likely (58%) to report financial barriers to participation in Jewish life. - About one quarter of this group felt unwelcome at Jewish activities, as compared to only 4% of those who are well off. - Those ages 18-34 were most likely (30%) to say their financial situation limited their Jewish life. • Among all Jewish adults, 42% feel a great deal of belonging to the Jewish people overall. However, only 11% feel a great deal of belonging to the San Diego Jewish community. - Community Study identified conditions that limit or welcome participation in the local community: "Too expensive" (identified by 20% of the community) is tied for #3 on the list following "Don't know many people" (43%), "Haven't found Jewish activities that interest me" (37%), and "Too expensive" is tied with "Not confident in your Jewish knowledge (both with 20%)." •One quarter of Jewish households in San Diego include a member whose work, school, or activities are limited by a chronic health issue, special need, or disability. - Among households who are financially struggling, this proportion increases to nearly half (46%). - Among financially struggling adults, 22% felt lonely often or all of the time in the previous week. • Seven percent (7%) of all Jewish households in San Diego were unable to afford a basic necessity in the past year (2022-23). (A basic necessity is rent, food, medicine, utilities). - Among those who identify as "struggling" nearly 50% were unable to afford at least one necessity. • Among all San Diego Jewish households, 6% said they were unable to pay in full an unexpected $400 emergency expense. • Nine percent (9%) of all Jewish households make less than 250% of the Federal Poverty Line. - 19% make less than 80% of the Area Median Income (which is defined as "low income" for San Diego county. • Seventeen percent (17%) of adults ages 41 and older are not at all (5%) or not too (12%) confident in their ability to afford retirement. - 72% of those who identify themselves as "struggling" are not confident in their ability to afford retirement. • The majority of people who identify themselves as financially struggling have Bachelors and Graduate degrees. - The majority of single parents who identify themselves as financially struggling have Graduate degrees.

https://www.kindnesssd.org/report-on-poverty-in-sd-jewish-comu/ https://sdjewishblueprint.squarespace.com/s/SD_JCS_summary_report_spreads.pdf https://www.causeiq.com/organizations/jewish-family-service-of-san-diego%2C951644024/ https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/other-sources/article/?id=15150289&title=Jewish-Family-Service-San-Diego-CEO-Retiring https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/951319015 https://jcfsandiego.org/about/financials-investments/financials/

2024

14%

19%

St. Louis invests in several services as shown below. 1. JFS continues to support food security and financial assistance 2. Covenant Place and Crown Center are our Senior Housing centers and also provide social nutrition programs. 3. MERS Goodwill has a full time person focused on employment services for Jewish community members 4. The J has a meals on wheels program

Approximate $1.6M , 23% of total allocations

• Our agencies are always reporting the need for more scholarships. St. Louis does not have housing for people with other abilities. That has been a long discussed topic among our inclusion professionals.

• 19% report limiting their involvement in Jewish life or changing their involvement in Jewish life due to their financial situation. 41% report being in debt with 25% student loans, 20% credit card and 16% medical bills. 17% have insufficient funds to cover 3 months of expenses with the highest rate in the the 22-39 and 40-54 age groups

https://tinyurl.com/2k9v4nps

2021

-

6.5 %

Toronto invests in several services as shown below. 1. Bernard Betel Centre for Creative Living 2. Chai Tikvah Foundation| 3. Circle of Care 4. Hillel Ontario 5. Jewish Addiction Community Services Toronto (JACS) 6. Jewish Family & Child Service of Greater Toronto (JF&CS) 7. Jewish Free Loan Toronto 8. Jewish Immigrant Aid Services (JIAS) Toronto 9. Jewish Russian Community Centre (JRCC) 10. Jewish Vocational Services (JVS) Toronto 11. Kayla's Children Centre 12. Kehilla Residential Programme 13. Miles Nadal Jewish Community Centre 14. Prosserman Jewish Community Centre 15. ReenaSchwartz/Reisman Centre

$10M 19% of overall budget

• In 2021, there are 12,080 Jews in Toronto living below the poverty line, down to 6.5% of the Jewish population, though this likely has been significantly impacted by pandemic benefits which have since been phased out • 6% of one-parent-family households are low income • 28% of one-person households are low income

https://www.jewishtoronto.com/partners-agencies

2021

-

-

Vancouver invests in several services as shown below. -

• More than half (56.4%) of individuals relying on social assistance or worker’s compensation live below the poverty cut-off. Among individuals 45-54 years who rely on such government transfer payments, the poverty level is a staggering 75%. • There are 915 “working poor” in the local Jewish community who earn wages that are not sufficient to push their income above the poverty line • The poverty level is very high among children under 15 years of age living in female single parent families (43.2%). • Households experiencing financial strains may not be able to meet some of the basic demands of their traditions. • The level of Jewish poverty in the Vancouver CMA is higher than most other major Jewish communities in Canada.

https://www.jewishdatabank.org/api/download/?studyId=417&mediaId=I-Vancouver--2001-The_Jewish_Poor.pdf

2017

12%

-

Washington invests in several services as shown below. 1. 4 key agencies: JSSA, Jewish Free Loan, Bchol cholim, Domestic violence. New Discretionary fund for people who have lost jobs, distributed through Rabbis

$400,000 + 1M ops + holocaust training in 2025, $100k responsive fund for workers impacted by Fed lay offs

•The majority of DC-area Jewish households are financially comfortable, with 45% describing their standard of living as being prosperous or very comfortable, and another 44% reporting they are reasonably comfortable. •Thirteen percent of Jewish households do not have enough savings to cover three months of expenses. In addition, 5% of households reported that at some point in the past year they were unable to participate in Jewish life because of financial constraints. •Economic insecurity may be a concern for some Jewish households.

https://www.brandeis.edu/cmjs/community-studies/dc-report.html